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23.5 Degrees: Pro Fide, Pro Utilitate Hominum
By Stella Maris
October 11, 2008
The Templars and the Hospitallers were created to assist
the Crusaders.
© N/A
Every once in a while my fictional adventures and my "real world" life intersect in an extremely intriguing manner. For instance, there is currently a controversial scheme, under legal review here in London, to build a cluster of skyscrapers in an area south of the river known as Blackfriars, after the ancient monks who used to own the site.
Coincidentally, I've recently been researching how this area, once known as Paris Garden, had passed into the hands of the Knights Templar in the 13th century. Not many people realize just how much land along the south bank of the Thames was actually owned by the Knights Templar, but unraveling the history is proving to be a fascinating exercise.
The Templars had built five mills at Paris Garden, pretty much where the skyscrapers are to be sited, and operated a lucrative river crossing service from the south bank of the Thames across to their famous Temple Church (featured in The Da Vinci Code) on the north side of the river.
Because of the Vatican dispensation, this area later became known as the Paris Garden "liberty" after Henry VIII repossessed the land during the dissolution of the monasteries. This, in turn, led to the development of the colorful Elizabethan theatre district, including William Shakespeare's own famous Globe Theatre nearby, among other enterprises, which will become relevant later on as my adventures unfold.
But, before that, all the Templar lands passed into the hands of the Knights Hospitaller after the Templar demise on Friday, October 13th, 1307 - a date which is believed to have spawned the superstitious myth that Friday the 13th is unlucky. In fact, there is still a section along the river east of Blackfriars known as Shad Thames, said to be a concoction of St John at Thames, from when the area was acquired by the Hospitallers.
Due to the controversy and subsequent romantic portrayals of the trials and tribulations of the Knights Templar, the history of the Hospitallers - who are actually still in existence in various forms - tends to get completely overlooked.
The Hospitallers were formed in 1099, along with the Knights Templar, to assist in the deployment of The Crusades to the Holy Land. The Templars served as more of a military protection unit, whereas the Hospitallers performed a "hospitality" service to the exhausted and often ill pilgrims when they arrived in Jerusalem - a function that later evolved into the care of the poor and the sick in general, which still continues today.
The patron saint of the Hospitallers is the beheaded Saint John the Baptist, which is why they are also known as the Order of St John. Curiously, this association is often erroneously attributed by cottage industry writers to the Knights Templar, whose patron saint was actually the Virgin Mary, presumably because of their alleged worship of a mysterious head, claimed by some to be the preserved head of John the Baptist.
After the Muslim forces under Saladin reclaimed the Holy Land, the Hospitallers relocated firstly to the island of Rhodes, and then to Malta, where the well-known literary reference to The Maltese Falcon derives from their token annual tithe of one Maltese Falcon, presented to the King of Sicily on All Soul's Day, or the 2nd November.
So every year, at around this time, in honor of the demise of the Templars and the ongoing survival of the Hospitallers, the Ordre du Hareng Rouge makes a pilgrimage to the Hospitallers' headquarters, which is still based in the rebuilt 12th century St John's Gate in the Clerkenwell district of London.
One of the best kept secrets of chivalric London, the Museum of the Order of Saint John not only houses a fascinating collection of ancient Hospitaller regalia representing over nine hundred years of the order's history, but one can also visit the glorious ceremonial chambers in the renovated gatehouse. The comprehensive library of ancient books and documents and the crypt of the original priory church can be visited by special arrangement.
And, if you go there, be sure to look out for the portrait of St John’s Grandmaster Raymond Perellos, who was the focus of our confidential Herring research years ago, coincidentally around the same time that my email account was hacked…
Newton Coordinate: Feast Day of Edward the Confessor, 13th October, intersecting with the 701st Anniversary of the Arrest of the Knights Templar in France, on the Greenwich Meridian.